高考英語大二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 專題五 短文改錯課件.ppt
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專題五短文改錯,題型解讀與高考感悟,高頻考點與技巧點撥,高考新編,,考情分析,,題型解讀與高考感悟,考點統(tǒng)計(略),短文改錯考查學(xué)生在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語的準(zhǔn)確性。設(shè)題一般包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等。通常是學(xué)生在英語運(yùn)用中常見的錯誤。,通過對近三年的短文改錯題的分析,可以預(yù)測2016年短文改錯的命題趨向?qū)⒅饕w現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面:1.命題難度基本保持穩(wěn)定,體裁多以貼近學(xué)生生活的記敘文、應(yīng)用文為主。2.錯誤設(shè)置類型相對穩(wěn)定,常見類型有:錯詞、多詞、少詞。,,3.考查內(nèi)容覆蓋面廣,分布合理,但有所側(cè)重。從時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞到各類詞法(包括動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、冠詞、介詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞等)、句法等,均有所考查。4.考查考生對文章中心思想的把握,以及對文章的整體理解與結(jié)構(gòu)的分析判斷。,真題體驗,(一)(2015全國Ⅰ)WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeen,shownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.,,,(二)(2015全國Ⅱ)Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysaw,,parents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.,,,,(三)(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen—foralltheseyear—wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoselfseedwheretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,,,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!,,,,,(四)(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafterschoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.,,Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.,,,,(五)(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)Ihardlyremembermygrandmother.Sheusedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.Sheisjustadistantmemoryformenow.Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfrom,othersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.However,hewasthegentlestmanIhaveneverknown.,,(六)(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)ThebookI’mreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.Itissaidtohavestartedintheearly1800’s.Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.Thiscustomsoonbecomesanothermealofday.,Interesting,ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelain(瓷器)industry.TeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandles.WhenteagotpopularinBritain,therewasacryingneedforgoodcupwithhandlestosuitBritishhabits.Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry.,一、謂語動詞,,,二、非謂語動詞,,三、名詞,,,高頻考點與技巧點撥,四、形容詞與副詞,六、關(guān)聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯,,七、介詞,,八、冠詞,,,五、代詞,考點1時態(tài)前后不一致,典例1WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析整個語境講的就是過去的事情,所以think也是當(dāng)時的想法,故應(yīng)該用一般過去時。故think改為thought。,,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2Inthemornings,itwasfullofstudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytrees...(2015浙江)分析從前一句中的itwas到后面一句的therewas可以判斷整個語境應(yīng)該是一般過去時,所以將is改為was。,典例3Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsidetheshop.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析句子的主語為Awoman,謂語為saw,crying為賓補(bǔ),and連接的是兩個謂語,而不是兩個賓補(bǔ),所以telling應(yīng)改為told。,考點2缺少謂語或謂語動詞形式錯誤,典例1Wemustfoundwaystoprotectourenvironment.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析情態(tài)動詞must后應(yīng)該跟動詞原形,句中we與find之間為主謂關(guān)系,所以found應(yīng)改為find。,,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2Sorealfriendshipshouldabletostandallsortsoftests.(2014大綱全國)分析able是形容詞不能直接作謂語動詞,其前應(yīng)加be,beabletodosth.意為“能夠做某事”。,典例1Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriousproblem.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析studies與show之間為主動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該去掉been。,考點3語態(tài)錯誤,3,,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析wasscared與begun為并列謂語,scared為形容詞,表示過去的動作或狀態(tài),begin的過去式是began,所以begun改為began。,典例3TeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandles.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析tea與drink之間為動賓關(guān)系,所以用被動語態(tài),動詞drink的過去分詞為drunk。,典例1Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析整篇短文的語境為一般現(xiàn)在時,而且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)Mydreamschool,因此謂語動詞應(yīng)用looks。,考點4主謂不一致,4,3,,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2Theearlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.(2014遼寧)分析本句主語為Theearlymorningbarking,baking為不可數(shù)名詞作主語,故謂語動詞have應(yīng)改為has。,典例1Ifyouareme,wouldyoutalktothem?(2015四川)分析“如果你是我”這個假設(shè)一定是虛擬語氣,表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反,所以are改為were。,考點5情態(tài)動詞誤用以及虛擬語氣,3,,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2Mypunishmentlastedayear.Meanwhile,IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImustmakemytoyslast.Myattitudechangedfromthenon.(2012新課標(biāo)全國)分析must必須,一定,用在此處語境不合適。句意為:同時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)耐心一些,我可以讓我的玩具持久些。所以應(yīng)用could/might。,,方法歸納做動詞類改錯題時,需注意以下幾個方面:(1)判斷一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時是否錯用。(2)and,but,so,or等并列連詞前后的時態(tài)是否一致。(3)除了時態(tài),還要注意主謂是否一致。(4)看是否考查虛擬語氣。(5)看謂語部分是否缺少動詞,特別是be動詞。(6)看動詞的形式是否正確,尤其注意第三人稱單數(shù)形式是否錯用。(7)看主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)是否錯用。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.AsItellyoulasttime,Imadethreenewfriendshere.(2015四川)2.Mysoccercoachretiredlastweek.Iwantedtodosomethingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.Mymummakesthebestbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidetoaskherforhelp.(2015陜西),tell→told,decide→decided,3.Hello,boysandgirls!Today,Iamgoingtotalkaboutwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgooff.(2014四川)4.IwastakingatraintoLondon’sVictoriaStation.Ihadnoticedthatthecarriagewasnoisyandfilledwithpeople.(2014浙江),go→goes,去掉had,5.Suddenly...theywerelookedlikerain!(2014陜西)6.SuddenlyMary,mybestfriend,askingmetolethercopymyanswers.(2013四川),去掉were/looked,asking→asked,,7.Iwantedtogiveup,butmygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally,therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandafishwascaught.(2013陜西)8.HereIaminthemiddleofacity,350milesawayfromourfarmhouse.Doyouwanttoknowwhywemovelastweek?(2013浙江),were→was,move→moved,,9.WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehighspeedInternetconnectionintheroom.Icheckedmyemailmessageseveryday.(2012陜西)10.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmebecauseIwassofaraway,andthatmymotherwouldnotsleepifsheknew.(2012浙江),were→was,will→would,考點1:動詞不定式,典例1It’sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.(2015四川)分析want后跟帶to的不定式作賓語。故want與動詞share之間加to。,,非謂語動詞考點例析,典例2ThepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.(2015浙江)分析使役動詞make后跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ),即makesb.dosth.,表示“使某人做某事”,故felt改為feel。,典例3Sheusedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析usedtodoing是“習(xí)慣于干某事”,而usedtodosth.意為“過去常常做某事”,由句意可知應(yīng)把holding改為hold。,考點2:動詞的-ing形式,典例1Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfound...(2015全國Ⅱ)分析從后面的謂語動詞可知整個語境用的是一般過去時。所以在looks前面加主語是不行的,所以只能改為非謂語動詞作after的賓語。故looks改為looking。,,非謂語動詞考點例析,典例2Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,whichmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知句子的主語為Haveteainthelateafternoon,所以應(yīng)該用動名詞形式作主語,即把Have改為Having。,典例IalsosharedwithmyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing.(2012陜西)分析此處考查的是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),photos與take在邏輯上是動賓關(guān)系,表示被動,用過去分詞。故把taking改為taken。,考點3:動詞的過去分詞,,非謂語動詞考點例析,,方法歸納句中已有謂語動詞,若再出現(xiàn)動詞,又沒有并列連詞,注意考慮非謂語動詞形式,根據(jù)其在句中成分以及邏輯關(guān)系,來判斷其形式是否正確。做短文改錯時,需注意一下幾個方面:(1)作主語或賓語不能用動詞原形,通常改為-ing形式或不定式。因在短文改錯中,只能改一個詞,如果主語是原形,就只能改為-ing形式了。,,(2)熟記其后只能接-ing或只能接todo作賓語的動詞。(3)介詞后要用動詞的-ing形式。注意區(qū)分to是介詞還是不定式符號。(4)一些固定短語或句式中的非謂語動詞形式。(5)根據(jù)非謂語動詞或其邏輯主語的關(guān)系來確定用ing形式還是用-ed形式。(6)別混淆謂語動詞與非謂語動詞。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.We’vebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.(2015四川)2.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.(2015浙江),sing→singing,sit→sitting,3.Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.(2015陜西)4.Myfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappylaughter!(2015陜西),get前加to,enjoy→enjoying,5.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.(2014陜西)6.Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe’soutside.(2014遼寧),have→having,understanding→understand,,7.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.(2014陜西)8.Felthungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.(2013陜西),wanted后加to,Felt→Feeling,,9.Afterthinkforsometime,Ilethercopymyanswers.(2013四川)10.Heisn’tgoodattalkbuthegetsonwellwithotherpeople.(2013大綱全國),think→thinking,talk→talking,考點1:單復(fù)數(shù)或所有格錯誤,典例1Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析由后面的定語從句webreathe可知,此處先行詞的意思是“空氣”,air當(dāng)“空氣”講時為不可數(shù)名詞。故airs改為air。,,名詞考點例析,典例2Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwas...hisparentsweremissing...Tonysawhisparents.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析從后文可以看出Tony的父母一起和他去的商店,后文兩次出現(xiàn)parents,所以應(yīng)該將parent改為parents。,典例3WhenIfinallyarrivedatmyfriendhelentmelotsofclothes.(2011新課標(biāo)全國)分析根據(jù)句意可知,當(dāng)我最后到達(dá)“我朋友的家”(myfriend’s),他借給我許多衣服。故friend應(yīng)改為friend’s。,考點2:詞性轉(zhuǎn)換錯誤,典例1Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析定冠詞the后面應(yīng)跟名詞形式,故grow應(yīng)改為growth。,,名詞考點例析,典例2Hehasruinedhishealthy.(2013遼寧)分析在形容詞性的物主代詞后應(yīng)用名詞,所以應(yīng)把healthy改為health。,,方法歸納遇到名詞首先注意區(qū)分名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞;其次還可以根據(jù)名詞前的修飾語或謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來判斷。此外,還要注意名詞的所有格。??伎键c如下:(1)在several,few,many,oneof,acoupleof,three,oneandahalf,alargenumberof,scoresof,dozensof等詞語后,或雖沒有這些詞但語境提示我們,本應(yīng)接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的,但文中卻用了單數(shù)。,,(2)像advice,fun,homework,information,news,progress,equipment,furniture,baggage,luggage,jewellery,clothing等不可數(shù)名詞是沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式的,但在文中卻用了復(fù)數(shù)。(3)該用名詞的所有格,而沒有用。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.AsItoldyoulasttime,Imadethreenewfriendhere.(2015四川)2.Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadeofglass.(2015浙江),friend→friends,side→sides,3.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.(2015陜西)4.We’vecalledseveraltimeaboutCleo’searlymorningbarking.(2014遼寧),step→steps,time→times,5.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviouslyspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.Yettheyhadsoquicklyofferedthestrangerstheirhelp.(2014浙江)6.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ),strangers→stranger,第一個hour→hours,,7.Todaywehadachemistrytest...Theteacherwasangrybecausewehadthesameanswersinthetests.(2013四川)8.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.(2013陜西),tests→test,minute→minutes,,9.Youtoldmethenameofdifferentplantsandtheircharacteristics.(2012重慶)10.Mom,IknowIhaveneverexpressedmythanktoyoubefore.(2012四川),name→names,thank→thanks,考點1:形、副詞或名詞詞性混淆,典例1Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析名詞前應(yīng)該用形容詞作定語。故seriously應(yīng)改為serious。,,形容詞與副詞考點例析,典例2DadandIwereterribleworried.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析worried為形容詞化了的過去分詞,修飾形容詞應(yīng)該用副詞,所以應(yīng)將terrible改為terribly。,典例3Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析句中的small,juicy與taste并列,所以應(yīng)該都用形容詞,故將taste改為tasty。,考點2:形、副詞錯用,典例1Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpofourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析相對于說話時以前用ago;相對于過去的某個時間或動作之前才用before。故before改為ago。,,形容詞與副詞考點例析,典例2Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析somewhere意為“某處”,而根據(jù)句意“植物到處生長”。故somewhere應(yīng)改為everywhere。,典例3Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析“我對祖父的記憶非常好/清楚”,而非“多”。故much應(yīng)改為well/clearly。,考點3:修飾詞錯用或多余,典例1Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析animals為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,所以用many修飾,much只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。故Much改為Many。,,形容詞與副詞考點例析,典例2Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析此處為so...that句式,所以much前用副詞so修飾。故去掉very。,典例3Wedon’tneedtodosomanyhomework.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析homework為不可數(shù)名詞,前面應(yīng)用much修飾,因此把many改為much。,考點4:比較等級誤用,典例1Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.(2015陜西)分析由該句中的intheworld以及前面的the可知此處應(yīng)該用形容詞的最高級。故better改為best。,,形容詞與副詞考點例析,典例2Tomakemattersbad,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.(2013浙江)分析tomakemattersworse使事情更糟糕的是,為固定搭配。故bad改為worse。,考點5:分詞化形容詞混用,典例1Iamawfullytiring,butIknowI’llneverfallasleep.(2013浙江)分析由句意知,“我感到非常疲乏”,應(yīng)用tired。故tiring應(yīng)改為tired。,,形容詞與副詞考點例析,典例2Gradually,IbecameinterestinginbiologyandchosetolearnbiologywhenIenteredthecollege.(2012重慶)分析對……感興趣,應(yīng)該用interested。故interesting應(yīng)改為interested。,,方法歸納對于形容詞和副詞的考查,注意以下幾點:(1)作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語,用形容詞。(2)作狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、全句,用副詞。(3)注意比較級與最高級的比較對象或范圍;單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級前,不可再加more。(4)注意many,much,(a)few,(a)little;very,so,(n)ever,hardly等修飾詞的用法。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.(2015浙江)2.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.(2015陜西),easy→easily,well→good,,3.Thatistoomuchforus,consideringhowcloselythehousesare.(2014遼寧)4.Don’tpanicorgetoutoflineandtrytoremainquietandcalmly.(2014四川),closely→close,calmly→calm,5.Beside,Cleotendstobarkanaverageofsixhoursaday.(2014遼寧)6.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticketownerbefore.(2014浙江),Beside→Besides,previous→previously,,7.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird.(2014陜西)8.Todaywehadachemistrytest.Ifoundthetestdifficulty,butItriedhardtodoit.(2013四川),immediate→immediately,difficulty→difficult,,9.Afterwaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.(2013陜西)10.WheneverIthinkoftheolddays,Ifeelveryhappily.(2012重慶),impatiently→impatient,happily→happy,考點1:人稱不一致,典例1Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析從整個語境以及句子的主語來看應(yīng)該把your改為our才能講得通,也可以改為the。,,代詞考點例析,典例2Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.(2015浙江)分析with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是作定語修飾park的,所以這里的代詞是指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞park,故them應(yīng)改為單數(shù)it。,考點2:代詞混用,典例1Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird.Neitherofthearrowshitthetarget.(2014陜西)分析從Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird可知,射出去的箭不僅僅兩支,因此應(yīng)把Neither改為None。,,代詞考點例析,典例2Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown...(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析當(dāng)賓語和主語是一個人時,賓語一般用反身代詞形式,此句的主語which指的是前面的整個句子,所以應(yīng)把himself改為him。,考點3:漏掉代詞,典例Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析句意為:5分鐘后,Tony看見了他的父母。所以沒有限定詞his句意不夠完整。故在parents前加上his。,,代詞考點例析,,方法歸納對于代詞的考查,要注意一下幾點:(1)順藤摸瓜,理清短文中代詞的指代關(guān)系,注意聯(lián)系上下文,要注意人稱一致、單復(fù)數(shù)一致以及性別的一致關(guān)系。(2)注意人稱代詞格的誤用,以及物主代詞、反身代詞或疑問代詞等的錯用。(3)系統(tǒng)掌握it的各種用法。(4)準(zhǔn)確把握不定代詞在文中的正確使用。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.(2015陜西)2.It’sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallycostsmemany.(2015四川),anything→something,many→much,3.Infact,Idon’tliketogoanymore,butI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Ifyouwereme,wouldyoutalktohim?(2015四川)4.Weappreciateourapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigure...(2014遼寧),him→them,our→your,5.Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingfortheticket,whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.(2014浙江)6.Theunderstandingbetweentwofriendsmeansbothofthemhavesimilarideasandtrusteachother.Otherwise,itisimpossibleforhimtohelpeachotherandtomaketheirfriendshiplastlong.(2014大綱全國),his→its/the,him→them,,7.Ifit’safalsealarmandthereisnofire,yourteacherwillleadusbacktotheclassroom.(2014四川)8.Wetookoursfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.(2013陜西),us→you,ours→our,,9.Iwaseagertoseehim,butoutsideherroomIstopped.(2013遼寧)10.Afterthinkingforsometime,Ilethercopymyanswers.Butafterthetest,allofuswerecalledtotheteacher’soffice.(2013四川),her→his,all→both,考點1:關(guān)聯(lián)詞使用不當(dāng),典例1Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析句意為:他轉(zhuǎn)過身發(fā)現(xiàn)父母不見了。由句意可知賓語從句句意完整,不缺少成分,所以應(yīng)該用that引導(dǎo)從句或省略。故去掉where或?qū)here改為that。,,關(guān)聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯考點例析,典例2Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析兩個簡單句之間為并列關(guān)系而非選擇關(guān)系,所以將or改為and。,考點2:多余或缺少連詞,典例1Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析在讓步狀語從句中,although不可以與but連用,因為although位于句首,故只能去掉but或?qū)ut改為yet。,,關(guān)聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯考點例析,典例2Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析句中which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,修飾主句Hehadadeepvoice,而主句與從句后的分句hewasstrongandpowerful之間缺少連詞,根據(jù)他們的并列關(guān)系,確定he前加and。,考點3:介詞與連詞混用,典例Infact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析句中during為介詞,不可以連接兩個獨立謂語的句子,根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系,后一個分句應(yīng)為when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。故during應(yīng)改為when。,,關(guān)聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯考點例析,,方法歸納對于連詞的考查,注意首先判斷兩個或兩個以上的單詞、短語或單句之間是否有連接詞,再根據(jù)不同的句式結(jié)構(gòu),判斷連接詞是否運(yùn)用正確。解題時,可以注意以下幾個方面:(1)把握前后兩句話之間的銜接關(guān)系,判定是并列句、主語從句、定語從句還是狀語從句,根據(jù)連接詞在句中作何成分,判斷正誤。,,(2)注意but轉(zhuǎn)折、and并列、or或者(選擇)、so因此(結(jié)果)等邏輯關(guān)系詞之間的混用。(3)注意although/though/while不與but連用;since/as/because不與so連用。(4)注意but與and,and與or,or與so,after與before,which與that,which與what等連詞的用法區(qū)別。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo?(2015四川)2.MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.(2015陜西),How→What,after→when/while,3.Infact,Idon’tliketogoanymore,soI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.(2015四川)4.IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.(2015浙江),so→but,If→Although/Though,5.Werantoescapebutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.(2014陜西)6.Anditiswisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsthatwecan.(2014大綱全國),but→and,that→as,,7.Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingorhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.(2014四川)8.Apassengerrealizedhecouldn’tfindhisticketbutbecamequiteupset.(2014浙江),去掉when,but→and,,9.Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatient.(2013陜西)10.“Hehasruinedhishealth.Weareworriedabouthim.”Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.(2013遼寧),Before→After,which→what,考點1:介詞誤用,典例1Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析withthedevelopmentof為固定短語,意思是“隨著……的發(fā)展”。故on改為with。,,介詞考點例析,典例2Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparents.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析玩具應(yīng)該是在“在櫥窗內(nèi)”,用介詞in。故on改為in。,考點2:缺少介詞,典例1Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析listen為不及物動詞,后跟名詞時應(yīng)該加上介詞to。,,介詞考點例析,典例2Whentheteacherasksusverydifficultquestions,I’llthinkquicklyandstandtoanswer.(2013大綱全國)分析根據(jù)句意“站起來回答”,stand后應(yīng)加up。,考點3:多余介詞,典例1Pleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.(2015四川)分析動詞help為及物動詞,其后接賓語時無需加介詞,故去掉with。,,介詞考點例析,典例2ThebookI’mreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知I’mreading為定語從句修飾Thebook,所以介詞of多余。,,方法歸納(1)如果句子中不缺少主語或表語,動詞后又不缺少賓語,則在名詞或代詞前一定是缺少介詞。(2)注意短語搭配中介詞的正確使用。(3)不該用介詞的短語中用了介詞,如nextyear常寫成inthenextyear。(4)某些及物動詞短語中介詞缺失,如look(at),listen(to),takecare(of)等。,,(5)有些及物動詞多加了介詞,如entertheroom常寫成enterintotheroom;returnmybook常寫成returnback/tomybook等。(6)注意分清連詞、副詞和介詞之間的區(qū)別和句法功能。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesidesoftheclassroomweremadefromglass.(2015浙江)2.Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.(2015陜西),from→of,去掉in,3.Ifyouhearthealarm,standinlineatthedoorandwaityourteachertoleadyououtside.(2014四川)4.Themorefriendswehave,themorewecanlearnforoneanother,andthemorepleasurewecansharetogether.(2014大綱全國),wait后加for,for→from,5.Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrowsonthebird.(2014陜西)6.Weappreciateyourapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.(2014遼寧),on→at,figure后加out,,7.Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersonneed,theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(2014浙江)8.Mr.Johnsonisahardworkingteacher.Everyday,hespendstoomuchtimewithhiswork.(2013遼寧),on→in,with→on,,9.Gradually,IbecameinterestedinbiologyandchosetolearnbiologywhenIenteredintothecollege.(2012重慶)10.Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand,foraresult,therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmiles.(2012遼寧),去掉into,for→as,考點1:漏掉冠詞,典例1NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.(2015全國Ⅰ)分析城市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活對比,此處特指鄉(xiāng)村,所以用inthecountryside。,,冠詞考點例析,典例2Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析asaresult為固定搭配,故as后應(yīng)加a。,典例3Thiscustomsoonbecameanothermealofday.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)分析由句意可知此處指的是特定一天中的另一頓餐,因此day前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。,考點2:冠詞錯用,典例1Tonysawatoyinashopwindow...Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.(2015全國Ⅱ)分析特指上文提到的商店,因此用定冠詞the,故outsideashop應(yīng)改為outsidetheshop。,,冠詞考點例析,典例2Mysoccercoachretiredlastweek.Iwantedtodosomethingspecialforhimathisretirementparty...Ataparty,mycoach,withabiscuitinhismouth,askedsurprisinglywhomadethemandjoked,“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjusttogetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”(2015陜西)分析由語境可知party再次出現(xiàn),指的是前文他們一起參加的那個晚會,屬于特指。故Ataparty改為Attheparty。,考點3:多余冠詞,典例Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.(2013新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)分析infact為固定詞組,意為“事實上,實際上”,故去掉a。,,冠詞考點例析,,方法歸納(1)根據(jù)泛指和特指,判斷用定冠詞還是不定冠詞。若泛指“一個”再根據(jù)單詞的第一個音素來判定用a還是an。(2)根據(jù)固定搭配。注意固定搭配中不能多用或少用冠詞。,,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤)1.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.(2015浙江)2.Besides,Cleotendstobarkaaverageofsixhoursaday.(2014遼寧),hurry前加a,第一個a→an,3.Today,Iamgoingtotalkaboutwhatyoushoulddow- 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